Evidence that selenium in rat sperm is associated with a cysteine-rich structural protein of the mitochondrial capsules

The keratinous capsules surrounding rat sperm mitochondria were isolated 24 days after intratesticular injections of [⁷⁵Se] selenite or [³⁵S] cysteine. Dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of purified, doubly labeled mitochondrial capsules revealed only a single ⁷⁵Se-labeled component, whose molecular weight was 17,000, in agreement with previously reported observations obtained with cruder sperm fractions. Most of the ³⁵S label and the major zone of stained protein on the gels coincided with the position of ⁷⁵Se, suggesting that selenium is associated with a cysteine-rich structural protein. The level of selenium in rat sperm, 195 ± 3.2 ng/10⁸ sperm (approximately 30 ppm), determined by hydride generation and atomic absorption spectrophotometry, is consistent with a structural function for this trace element in the sperm.     

枳术宽中胶囊联合益生菌对 老年幽门螺杆菌阳性慢性萎缩性胃炎患者的疗效

目的探讨枳术宽中胶囊联合益生菌对老年幽门螺杆菌(H.pylori)阳性慢性萎缩性胃炎(chronic atrophic gastritis,CAG)患者的临床疗效。方法将80例H.pylori阳性的老年慢性萎缩性胃炎患者随机分为2组,各40例。其中对照组患者给予包含雷贝拉唑、阿莫西林、克拉霉素和胶体果胶铋的标准四联疗法治疗。观察组患者将四联疗法中的胶体果胶铋替代为枳术宽中胶囊,并在此基础上加用益生菌。7天为1个疗程,全部患者治疗2个疗程。停药1个月后比较两组患者治疗前后临床症状缓解率、H.pylori根除率、不良反应发生率等情况。结果治疗后两组患者病情均有所改善,但与对照组相比,观察组患者的症状缓解率及H.pylori根除率较高,不良反应发生率较低,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论枳术宽中胶囊联合益生菌可明显缓解老年CAG患者的临床症状,提高幽门螺杆菌的根除率,同时减轻患者不良反应发生率,对临床治疗CAG具有指导性意义。     

Formulation and development of floating capsules of celecoxib: In vitro and in vivo evaluation

The objective of the present study was to develop a hydrodynamically balanced system for celecoxib as single-unit floating capsules. Various grades of low-density polymers were used for formulation of these capsules. The capsules were prepared by physical blending of celecoxib and the polymer in varying ratios. The formulation was optimized on the basis of in vitro buoyancy and in vitro release in citrate phosphate buffer pH 3.0 (with 1% sodium lauryl sulfate). Capsules prepared with polyethylene oxide 60K and Eudragit RL100 gave the best in vitro percentage release and were used as the optimized formulation. By fitting the data into zero-order, first-order, and Higuchi models, we concluded that the release followed zero-order kinetics, as the correlation coefficient (R value) was higher for zero-order release. For gamma scintigraphy studies, celecoxib was radiolabeled with technetium-99m by the stannous reduction method. To achieve the maximum labeling efficiency the process was optimized by studying the reaction at various pH conditions and stannous concentration levels. The radiolabeled complex was added to the optimized capsule, and dissolution studies were performed to ensure that there was no leaching of radioactivity from the capsules. Gamma imaging was performed in rabbits to assess the buoyancy of the optimized formulation. The optimized formulation remained buoyant during 5 hours of gamma scintigraphic studies in rabbits.     

夏枯草胶囊对自身免疫性甲状腺炎大鼠甲状腺组织及Fas、FasL表达的影响

目的:探讨夏枯草胶囊对自身免疫性甲状腺炎(AITD)大鼠甲状腺组织病理学及Fas、FasL表达的影响。方法:将40只雌性SD大鼠按照随机数表法随机分为空白对照组、模型组、夏枯草胶囊组、硒酵母组,每组10只,空白对照组予以正常饲养,模型组和药物组予以PTg皮下注射建立AITD模型,夏枯草胶囊组、硒酵母组分别给予夏枯草胶囊与硒酵母片的生理水溶液灌胃,药物干预6周后处死大鼠,取甲状腺组织,HE染色电镜下观察各组大鼠甲状腺组织形态,免疫组化法检测各组大鼠甲状腺组织Fas、FasL蛋白的表达。结果:1)模型组大鼠甲状腺组织滤泡大量破坏,形态不规则,胶质分布不均匀,滤泡间隙增大,可见大量淋巴细胞及浆细胞浸润。夏枯草胶囊组滤泡形态尚规则,胶质含量较空白组少,滤泡间有少量淋巴细胞浸润。与模型组对比,夏枯草胶囊组与硒酵母组滤泡破坏及淋巴细胞浸润有显著改善。2)对照组大鼠甲状腺组织中Fas、FasL蛋白仅呈少量表达,模型组大鼠甲状腺组织中Fas、FasL蛋白表达较对照组显著增加(P0.01),夏枯草胶囊组大鼠甲状腺组织中Fas、FasL蛋白表达较模型组及硒酵母组均显著减少(P0.01)。结论:夏枯草胶囊可能通过减少Fas、FasL的表达,抑制甲状腺滤泡细胞凋亡,从而减轻甲状腺滤泡上皮的破坏。     

乳杆菌微胶囊化培养的研究

采用MaCSPDMDAAC微胶囊对两种乳杆菌进行了固定化发酵研究。结果表明,两种乳杆菌能够在微胶囊内很好地生长和繁殖,菌浓度可分别达到18×1011/mL 胶囊和269×1011/mL胶囊,比游离培养高出十倍以上,并且能与游离发酵一样产生乳酸,糖耗时间可缩短1/3～2/3。进行的多批次发酵显示了巨大的产酸能力。     

Determination of celecoxib in human plasma by normal-phase high-performance liquid chromatography with column switching and ultraviolet absorbance detection

A method is described for the determination of celecoxib in human plasma. Samples were extracted using 3M Empore membrane extraction cartridges and separated under normal-phase HPLC conditions using a Nucleosil-NO₂ (150×4.6 mm, 5 μm) column. Detection was accomplished using UV absorbance at 260 nm. The HPLC method included a column switching procedure, in which late eluting compounds were diverted to waste, to reduce run-time to 12 min. The assay was linear in the concentration range of 25–2000 ng/ml when 1-ml aliquots of plasma were extracted. Recoveries of celecoxib were greater than 91% over the calibration curve range. Intraday precision and accuracy for this assay were 5.7% C.V. or better and within 2.3% of nominal, respectively. The assay was used to analyze samples collected during human clinical studies.     

腰痹通胶囊联合塞来昔布胶囊治疗椎间盘源性腰痛的疗效及对血清炎性因子和疼痛介质的影响

摘要 目的：探讨腰痹通胶囊联合塞来昔布胶囊治疗椎间盘源性腰痛（DLBP）的疗效及对血清炎性因子和疼痛介质的影响。方法：选择2017年5月~2022年5月期间我院接收的75例DLBP患者。依据信封抽签法将患者分为对照组（n=37）和研究组（n=38）,对照组接受塞来昔布胶囊治疗,研究组接受腰痹通胶囊联合塞来昔布胶囊治疗。对比两组疗效、临床症状评分、血清炎性因子和疼痛介质的变化情况,同时观察两组用药安全性。结果：研究组痊愈8例,显效10例,有效18例,临床总有效率94.74%,高于对照组的痊愈4例,显效8例,有效17例,临床总有效率78.38%（P<0.05）。治疗1个月后,研究组的视觉疼痛模拟（VAS）评分、Oswestry功能障碍指数（ODI）较对照组更低（P<0.05）,改良日本骨科协会（JOA）评分较对照组更高（P<0.05）。治疗1个月后,研究组的血清白细胞介素-6（IL-6）、C反应蛋白（CRP）、肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）水平较对照组更低（P<0.05）。治疗1个月后,研究组的血清 P物质（SP）、多巴胺（DA）、前列腺素E₂（PGE₂）水平较对照组更低（P<0.05）。两组不良反应发生率组间对比差异不显著（P>0.05）。结论：腰痹通胶囊联合塞来昔布胶囊治疗DLBP,可有效减轻疼痛,恢复腰椎功能,降低血清炎性因子和疼痛介质水平。     

A novel reactor for making uniform capsules.

A novel chemical reactor was designed and developed for the continuous high-rate production of uniform capsules. This reactor helps to control precisely the reaction time between the reacting liquids (anion drops and the cation bath, or vice versa), thereby leading to the formation of uniform capsules with walls of identical thickness. In addition, mild tumbling of the capsules during transit through the reactor ensures that every capsule wall is uniformly thick all around.     

Identifying gastropod spawn from DNA barcodes: possible but not yet practicable

Identifying life stages of species with complex life histories is problematic as species are often only known and/or described from a single stage. DNA barcoding has been touted as an important tool for linking life-history stages of the same species. To test the current efficacy of DNA barcodes for identifying unknown mollusk life stages, 24 marine gastropod egg capsules were collected off the Philippines in deep water and sequenced for partial fragments of the COI, 16S and 12S mitochondrial genes. Two egg capsules of known shallow-water Mediterranean species were used to calibrate the method. These sequences were compared to those available in GenBank and the Barcode of Life Database (BOLD). Using COI sequences alone, only a single Mediterranean egg capsule was identified to species, and a single Philippine egg capsule was identified tentatively to genus; all other COI sequences recovered matches between 76% and 90% with sequences from BOLD and GenBank. Similarity-based identification using all three markers confirmed the Mediterranean specimens' identifications. A phylogenetic approach was also implemented to confirm similarity-based identifications and provide a higher-taxonomic identification when species-level identifications were not possible. Comparison of available GenBank sequences to the diversity curve of a well-sampled coral reef habitat in New Caledonia highlights the poor taxonomic coverage achieved at present in existing genetic databases, emphasizing the need to develop DNA barcoding projects for megadiverse and often taxonomically challenging groups such as mollusks, to fully realize its potential as an identification and discovery tool.